O cadastro ambiental rural como ferramenta de gestão dos recursos florestais: um estudo de caso no município de Iguatu-Ce

Abstract

The Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) is an instrument created from the implementation of the new Brazilian Forest Code, in 2012, with the aim of composing the database that serves for the control, monitoring, environmental and economic planning, in addition to assisting in the combat of deforestation. The use of CAR as an environmental management tool allows direct contact with the reality of rural properties, facilitating the evaluation of such properties in relation to their socio-environmental aspects, being possible through a mapping of rural properties, to identify the remaining vegetation in the studied area and, based on it, help as an instrument capable of minimizing deforestation, as well as using it for the development of strategies and actions to protect the environment. This work aims to analyze the implementation of CAR as an environmental management tool, capable of assisting in planning the use and management of forest resources in a sustainable way in the District of Suassurana, located in the city of Iguatu, state of Ceara. In the methodological approach, the study has bibliographic and documental research as stages, as well as stages with the Diagnostic Analysis of Agrarian Systems (ADSA) method. As such, the research presents a case study with interviews aimed at qualified informants regarding the historical formation of the community. Futhermore, a socio-environmental diagnosis of rural properties in the district was carried out, through the application of a standardized survey to rural property owners with an area of up to four fiscal modules, and an interview script was also used in order to understand the perception of rural landowners about the implementation of the CAR, and the main positive and negative aspects after its creation. It is an easily accessible tool, mandatory for landowners and rural squatters, in which it was possible to verify that 20% of the total area of their property for the Legal Reserve is being fulfilled. However, it is still observed that even after the creation of this tool aimed at the management of forest resources, the removal of native vegetation continues to advance in the district in which the case study was developed, mainly due to anthropic factors. In light of the exposed above, the present research becomes relevant since the CAR is not only an instrument for environmental control and monitoring of a rural property or possession, but also helps in the regularization process that reduces, in turn, the environmental degradation of rural properties, in addition to enabling farmers to access benefits granted by the government.