Estudo sobre a transição energética na matriz elétrica brasileira

Abstract

Brazil possesses an electric matrix with 84,8 % of the energy coming from renewable sources, especially the hydric one. This strong dependency in hydric sources makes the country susceptible to fluctuations in the renewable energy participation and supply crises, existing in some years the treat of energy rationing. As an answer to these crises, the Federal Government is investing in increasing the renewable energy presence on new energy auctions, especially Eolic Energy, Solar Energy and Energy Generated through Biomass, besides searching to regulate and give better legal security to the Distributed Generation, an important sector to the renewable energy entry in the electric energy generation. There is, on the energy sector part, the inclusion of energy transition on the National Energy Plan 2050, an important document that brings guidelines, recommendations and support data for the decision making about all the national energy system in the short and long term. The energy transition of the Brazilian electric matrix is defined by the National Energy Plan 2050 as being a combination of majority renewable energy participation in the matrix with greenhouse gas emissions being near 0%. This work is bibliographic quantitative research, that has as goal report a study of the general outlook of the energy transition and the energy matrix diversification in the Brazilian electric network. It is noticeable, that there is in Brazil a natural tendency to the development of renewable energy sources, being present, although incipient, initiatives for the energy transition advance. This work has as its goal to present an analysis about the overview in the energy transition and diversification on the Brazilian electric matrix Finally, it is noted that the high energy generation potential for renewable energies makes possible for Brazil, in the future, to have an 100% renewable electric matrix or one, that at least, has greenhouse emissions near zero, being necessary for this, investments, efforts and planning to make possible associate economic growth with sustainability and life quality.