Efeito agudo do exercício de alta intensidade nos biomarcadores renais e endoteliais em atletas de crossfit

Abstract

Modalities such as Crossfit have been gaining space in society, for providing a high-intensity activity that can enhance weight loss and increase the performance of athletes and practitioners of physical activity. However, highintensity exercise can induce renal and endothelial damage, as already characterized in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To verify the main acute effects of high-intensity exercise on the renal and endothelial function of Crossfit athletes. METHODS: The study was composed of 10 adults of both sexes, high performance Crossfit athletes who were evaluated for possible damage to the renal and endothelial tissue, being performed an approach on the competition day with collections pre and 24 hours after the competition. The evaluation was performed using serum biomarkers for kidney injury, lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL), creatine kinase (CK), albumin, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Endothelial damage was evaluated using serum enzymatic markers, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and Syndecan-1. The physical and social assessment questionnaires contained measures of body composition and data related to the athletes' socioeconomic conditions. Statistical analysis was performed with Shapiro-Wilk and Student t test for parametric values and Wilcoxon for non-parametric data. Pearson and Spearman tests were used for data with normality and non-normality, respectively. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in creatinine (1.03 + 0.24 vs. 1.36 + 0.34, mg/ dL, p=0.001) and CK (median 302.40 (115.75–474,00) vs. 2048.80 (542.75 to 3391.25), U/L, p=0.005) 24h after the activity, and reduced eGFR (91.55 + 21.15 vs. 66.45 + 20.6, mL/min/1.73m², p=0.000). The values of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, Syndecan-1 and NGAL did not show statistically significant variations. There was a strong positive correlation between syndecan-1 and CK (p=0.000, r=0.953). CONCLUSION: From the results obtained, it can be inferred that, in the event in question, the high-performance exercises performed by the athletes did not cause significant acute changes in renal function, but their intensity was sufficient to promote muscle injury and endothelial changes in the participants.