Sistemas de proteção e aterramento em usinas fotovoltaicas: boas práticas internacionais e no Brasil

Abstract

The objective is to present the requirements of good practices discussed in international standards and in Brazil regarding the protection and grounding systems of photovoltaic plants. As well as installation practices that can prevent future material and personal damage. Accidents in photovoltaic plants can cause damage to the building and as people, damage that can be irreversible, so new technologies appear seeking to improve the protection systems such as String Box cc, ac protection frame and proper grounding. International studies show the effects of galvanic corrosion and proposed solutions to mitigate these effects, tests were carried out in different environments to verify the behavior of photovoltaic materials in each situation. International standards provide guidelines on how to carry out or ground the inverter enclosure, thus avoiding problems with leakage currents through the frame. In Brazil, some solutions for the corrosion, grounding and practices of the mentioned facilities are the norm. It is concluded that the protection and grounding systems are a subject still little discussed in Brazil. In practices in photovoltaic plant installations, divergences are noted as to the correct way to design and execute an adequate ground. Understanding what studies and international and national standards discuss on the subject is essential for a safe and long-lasting installation.