Além das limitações da visão: acessibilidade dos recursos didáticos utilizados na disciplina de imunologia para inclusão de alunos deficientes visuais

Abstract

With the emergence of new public policies and programs that encourage entry into higher education, there was an expansion in the entrance of students into the public and private sector universities. Among these students entering, there is a considerable portion of the admission of students with special educational needs which require specific educational methodologies and pedagogical resources for the inclusion of these students and which encourage their stay at the university. This work aims to analyze whether the materials and teaching resources used in the discipline of Immunology offered for the courses of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology of the Federal University of Ceará are accessible and suitable for learning and inclusion of students visually impaired. This qualitative research began with the categorization of slides and directed studies of the discipline, followed by the analysis of these resources with the NVDA screen reader, verifying the accessibility of these digital materials. After this analysis with the screen reader, some obstacles were observed in the reading of the materials, which may hinder the understanding of the content by the disabled student and with this, a "Guide of accessibility in slides and texts for visually impaired" for the creation and adaptation of accessible material. As a third moment, there was the production of a didactic model entitled "Understanding the Inflammatory Response with an inclusive look". This was adapted from an existing non-inclusive model and aimed at promoting the tactile significance and visual stimulation of blind students and low vision. The analysis of resources and the verification of the inadequacy of the Accessibility Guidelines for Digital Content resulted in the creation of the guide with guidelines and justifications for the elaboration and adaptation of digital materials accessible by teachers, which will serve as assistance and didactic support in teacher training and which can contribute to the learning of blind and low vision students. This work contributes with the inclusive teaching of immunology and related areas, to encourage the development of accessible digital materials and the creation of tactile models. Furthermore, the development of accessible teaching strategies results in the contribution of the vocational training of the disabled student and encourages the inclusive society.