Uma proposta teórica para análise dos tempos verbais a partir dos mundos discursivos e dos tipos de discurso

Abstract

This article aims to present a theoretical proposal for the analysis of verbal tenses within the perspective of discursive worlds and of types of discourse, as they were postulated by Bronckart (2003). It is based on the consideration that verbal tenses are structured in natural languages, first and foremost, as one of the mechanisms that express and mark the different discursive worlds from which the participants of a verbal interaction produce their texts, and not as a priority resource for the expression of chronological time, as they are generally considered. Methodologically, the proposal is built from a theoretical discussion of the Reichenbach’s (1947) perspective of temporal interpretation of natural languages, which proposes the existence of three theoretical points in the timeline; of the Corôa’s (1985) formal simulation of the modes of expression of time in Portuguese; and also of the reference parameters of the discursive worlds presented by Bronckart (2003). The conclusion reached is that the verb tenses can be analyzed and defined, within each discursive world, based on four parameters: a) process, b) global time reference axis, c) current phase of the textualization process and d) local time reference axis.