Soluções orais para uso em pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva : uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

The use of oral solutions in intensive care units has been increasingly present in hospital practice in order to decrease the rate of infections and complications in hospitalized patients, since pathogenic microorganisms of the oral cavity are easily found colonizing adjacent sites, causing injuries. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the information available in the literature on oral solutions with antimicrobial action and its power to reduce infections. For this, an electronic search was performed in the databases PubMed, BVS, Scopus, WOS and Google Scholar. A total of 277 articles were identified. Only clinical trials that used substances for oral disinfection were selected, totaling 15 articles and involving 11,488 patients. The extraction of information was obtained through free spreadsheets that contained characteristics of the study, sample, intervention and outcomes. It was found that the solutions of chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide (HP), povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and herbal derivatives have efficacy controlling oral biofilm and can be used as possible alternatives to decrease the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms and the rates of complications and morbidity in ICU.