Fundamentos da biotecnologia aplicada à remoção de cor de esgotos têxteis

Abstract

The presence of colour in surface water can be either a result of different environmental factors such as presence of humic substances or a result of human activities like the discharge of wastewater containing high concentrations of dyes and pigments, coming from industries such as chemical, pharmaceuticals, leader and textile. Because of both ecological and public health risks, the wastewater emission limits have becoming more and more restrict. Therefore, many investigations using physical-chemical and biological methods have been conducted, in order to achieve colour removal from many industrial wastewaters, which efficiency and costs vary greatly among them. Colour removal by using biological treatment is usually the cheapest alternative, where different microorganisms like aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes have shown the ability to catalyze dye decolourisation. The current paper deals about the fundaments of biotechnology applied on colour removal, focusing on the recent developments achieved in the last years.