Acompanhamento clínico e hematológico de paciente com mastocitoma canino submetido a quimioterapia e eletroquimioterapia – Relato de caso

Abstract

Mastocytoma is a round cell neoplasm often found in dogs, accounting for 7% to 21% of cutaneous neoplasms. This study aimed to report the clinical and hematological changes in a patient with canine mastocytoma when submitted to chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy. It was attended at the Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital (HVM) of Caucaia - Ceará, a bitch without a defined breed presenting a cutaneous nodule in the right knee. Initial examinations were requested, where the cytologic diagnosis was suggestive of mastocytoma, in which the absence of metastasis was evidenced by the imaging tests. The female was referred for evaluation with an oncologist, who instituted as treatment the surgical removal of the nodule with the use of electrochemotherapy on the lateral and deep margins, still requiring a cutaneous graft. Histopathological analysis indicated grade II mastocytoma. After 32 days of the surgical procedure, the patient underwent the first chemotherapy session and with one week the patient follow-up examinations showed marked hematological alterations, also showing tiredness, dyspnea and hyporexia, resulting from pneumonia and the presence of free pleural fluid, whose cytological analysis revealed a pyogranulomatous inflammatory process. In the case of dogs with canine mastocytoma submitted to chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy treatment, clinical and hematological follow-up are essential for the assessment of patient response due to the side effects of antineoplastic therapies on the quantitative changes of blood cells and the clinical condition of the patients.