“Envolvidas”: a experiência social das adolescentes em medida socioeducativa privativa de liberdade

Abstract

This research seeks to investigate the social experience of female adolescents in compliance with a socio-educational correctional measure involving deprivation of liberty in the unity of Fortaleza / CE. In this attempt, the following specific objectives were defined: to know the socioeconomic, educational and social networks of sociability of these adolescents; to analyze the relationship between the experiences of teenage girls during educational correctional measure and their insertion in the world of crime, as well as the meaning that young women attribute to the action of doing the crime and, finally, to observe how they experience institucionalization. With regard to methodological aspects, it is a multi-method investigation with bibliographic, ethnographic research, with the application of a questionnaire and semi-structured interview with teenagers who are taking a measure of deprivation of liberty in the only unit in Ceará for female adolescents: the Socioeducational Center Aldaci Barbosa Mota (CSABM, for its acronym in Portuguese). This research has, among the main conceptual and theoretical basis: the anthropologist Veena Das and the notion of necropolitics, proposed by Achille Mbembe, intertwined by the intersectional perspective, with the articulation to other researches in the area of socioeducation and incarceration of women. The results indicate that the profile of the female adolescent who committed an infraction articulates the ethnic-racial, generational, class and gender dimensions, elements that bring them closer to adult women in the prison system and to socio-educating girls from other Brazilian states. We verified that the main affective references of the incarcerated female adolescents are the maternal figure, the affectivesexual relationships, the networks of friendship and the criminal collective to which they are linked. It was identified that the infraction practice does not usually occur yielding to a male figure, however, there is a high incidence of intra-conjugal violence. An increase in the participation of adolescents in splinter groups actions was observed, especially in the homicide of girls and women. Collectives have taken on a significant role in the experience of these adolescent girls, determining ways of socializing and establishing bonds even within the Socio-Educational Center, which was previously a territory of relative neutrality. The Socio-educational (and penal) System is selective to determine the criminalization of conduct and the choice of its "clients", a set of factors that cannot be interpreted separately and which several contingencies create conditions for these girls to become “involved”.