Efeito vizinhança sobre a escolha do indivíduo no mercado de trabalho em Fortaleza

Abstract

Recent studies have shown the importance of self-employment as an alternative to wage employment and a response to unemployment. In this context, this paper aims to examine empirically the determinants that influence the workers’ choice between selfemployment and wage worker, emphasizing the influence of neighborhood effects on this choice. To accomplish this task itusesa Multilevel Model for Discrete Choice and data set about individuals’ labor market drawn from the Survey on Employment and Unemployment (Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego – PED), which covers the Metropolitan Area of Fortaleza for the years 2009 and 2010. The use of the Multilevel Model for testing the effects of neighborhoods on individuals, and the own database are contributions of this research. Among other results it was found that decision models in the labor markets excluding the possibility of social interaction in neighborhoods, may produce biased results. This effect was highly significant and positive indicating that a worker whose neighborhood has a high share of self-employment is also more likely to choose this type of work than another worker with the same characteristics, but who lives in another neighborhood with prevalence wage employees.