Merleau-Ponty, Sartre e Heidegger: três concepções de fenomenologia, três grandes filósofos

Abstract

This article exposes three different Phenomenology concepts, all of which originated from Husserl's Phenomenology. First we intend to show that, by emphasizing perception, Merleau-Ponty led Psychology back to it's origins.Given that Psychology branches off from Philosophy, whose birthplace is the knowable world, this philosopher appears to suggest that the love of perceivable knowledge is essential to those who practice the "science of the soul". In his encounter with Phenomenology Sartre starts by presupposing that intentionality is fundamental to the conception of a conscience that escapes from substantialized notions.There the search for a "concrete philosophy" finds the necessary root, enabling it to bloom and grow towards a philosophy of contingence.In the final part, Heidegger's hermeneutic Phenomenology appears in terms of it's possible of relation with Psychotherapy. In this part about Heidegger, Phenomenology is presented as a point of view that considers man's way of being, his existence, always at stake in time.