Aumento da renda ou redução da desigualdade ? o que é mais eficiente no combate a pobreza: novas evidências para as zonas rurais, urbanas e metropolitanas no Brasil

Abstract

The economic growth is not always enough to reduce poverty at its several levels. It is observed that the economic inequality factor plays a key role in that relationship. Thus, the spatial identification of the sensibility magnitude of the relation incomepoverty and inequality-poverty becomes important as it analyzed in a spatial way and we can identify where the poverty reduction can present faster answers. The data used in this research were obtained from the National Survey through Home Samples (PNAD) from 1996 to 2006, a census year, comprising a period of 10 years. This work uses specification from Ravallion and Chen (1997) and estimates the elasticity income-poverty and inequality-poverty, for the urban, metropolitan and rural regions of some Brazilian states. The econometric model used, which estimates data in panel with FE (Fixed Effect), RE (Random Effect) or FD (First Difference) has strongly pointed out that an alteration in the economic inequality has larger effect than an alteration in the economic growth in the reduction of poverty at all levels.