Violência sexual, gênero e direitos sociais: avaliando um programa de saúde a partir da percepção das mulheres atendidas

Abstract

Statistics on sexual violence in Brazil demonstrate the need to have a specialized public health service that assists victims in an integral and humanized manner. This study aimed to evaluate the Superando Barreiras Program, within the scope of social rights, based on the perception of women cared for in a reference maternity hospital in the city of Fortaleza-CE. It was a qualitative and quantitative research. The type of evaluation came from the perspective of the in-depth study, addressing context and content. The data were collected through participant observation carried out by the researcher on Thursdays, from April to August 2019. About 40 patients were treated during this period. Of these, 10 were interviewed, having as criteria: adult women who were pregnant due to rape and performed legal abortion. As a tool for analyzing the data collected, we adopted content analysis. We started the results by analyzing the profile of the victims treated between 2015 and Jun / 2019 through the study of 293 notification forms. From the interviewees' statements, we obtained that: upon reaching the emergency, the victims were treated according to a flowchart that guides the team, something that was quite positive in their perception. Outpatient care was also well evaluated by the interviewees, where they highlighted joint care as a method that contributed to not making them say about the episode of violence several times. We also highlight the feeling of guilt experienced by patients at this stage of outpatient follow-up. The hospitalization process, being this pre and post legal abortion, was the most troubled. The patients reported cases of conscientious objection on the part of the doctors, and other punitive and moralistic attitudes on the part of the team. They highlighted the bed and individual ward as a positive point, for fear of having to talk about what happened with strangers in collective wards. With regard to social rights, the patients arrived discredited with the service, but they soon felt that their rights were being guaranteed. We also propose a reflection on patients' non-adherence as the right to be forgotten. Finally, the promotion of the program's evaluation makes it possible to discuss the relevance of this policy for strengthening the care network.