Estratégias de convivência com o semiárido: o caso do assentamento 25 de maio, Madalena - Ceará

Abstract

This study had as main objectives to identify and understand the strategies of convivences with those of the families of the settlement 25 de Maio, in the municipality of Madalena, Central Sertão of Ceará, based on the knowledge of the local community. To this end, we sought to identify in the daily lives of the families the techniques of coexistence and appropriation of the local nature; Perceiving the difficulties of families to subsist in the semiarid; and analyze the logic practiced by families in the choice of agricultural crops. This research has the descriptive character, considering that it is about: to observe, describe and reflect the social and environmental interactions of the communities of the settlement to live with the adversities of the region. Qualitative research techniques were used to obtain this information, such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, photographs and field diary. For families to remain in the semiarid, it is essential to ensure access to water for consumption and activities. In this sense, the construction of the cisterns allowed water to drink during the dry season. The income transfer programs through Social security, retirements and pensions, and the Programa Bolsa Familia ensured income to provide food and the basic needs of families during the drought period from 2012 to 2017. Socializing, given to the region's edaphhoclimatic peculiarities, means living, remaining, producing and developing, without degrading the environment. The possession of the land represented the liberation of a system of submission, improvements in living and working conditions, access to education and health. It was also observed that agroecological practices are incipient, and it is necessary to develop an agriculture focused on the environment and adopt practices of soil and water management and conservation.