Produção de Peixes Ornamentais em Sistma Intensivo com Recirculação de Água na Piscicultura Tanganylka, Ceará - Brasil

Abstract

Aquariophilia is an important aquaculture activity, capable of generating employment and income and occupying spaces in rural, urban and periurban environments. In pursuit of greater efficiency in productivity, following a worldwide trend, some national ornamental fish breeders intensify their farming systems, minimizing land use, water and environmental impacts from effluent discharges. Considering the above, with the present work, the objective was to accompany the production of tropical ornamental fish in intensive system with recirculation and water reuse. The internship was held in September and October 2017 and January 2018, at Tanganyika Aquaculture in Aquiraz-CE. During the internship, it was possible to observe the infrastructure of the company, the facilities and equipment destined to the creation of ornamental fish in a system of recirculation of water, to list the species of freshwater fish produced and to follow the productive management of the fish. Tanganyika has been in operation since 1990 and produces different types of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks and corals. The area of cultivation in Aquiraz is divided into 7 units, which together add up to approximately 1.0 ha. Fish farming adopts the intensive Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS), using water treatment units composed of mechanical filter, biological filter and ultraviolet radiation. For some species the company also makes use of water treatment by reverse osmosis. The farm produces more than 120 species of freshwater fish, with emphasis on African and American cichlids. The production cycle of the fish is divided into three phases: reproduction, larviculture and growth and requires specific management in each one of them, especially with regard to food, stocking density, water and animal quality control. The fish are traded in the local, national and international market and for this the company adopts a strict control in the operations that precede the transportation and during the same. Based on what has been observed, it can be said that Tanganyika has an established market, adopts a rational management, uses little space and adopts the system of water recycling in all its units, which cooperates to reduce the demands of water and effluent.