Aplicação do modelo DEA na análise de eficiência dos portos do Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

The waterway industry is primordial in the economy of a country, since it is responsible for the transport of goods as people. It requires certain level of eficiency, which will affect in the way of a port operates, making it a refference to the others by its efficiency. This paper aims to analyze the efficiency of the main ports of the Northeast of Brazil by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), using the non-parametric model BCC oriented by inputs as outputs. The ports analyzed were Itaquí (State of Maranhão), Fortaleza (State of Ceará), Natal (State of Rio Grande do Norte), Pecém (State of Ceará), Salvador (State of Bahia) and Suape (State of Pernambuco), in the period between 2010 to 2015. Inicially the ports were divided in two groups, Pecém and Suape in the first group and the other ports forming the second group, where it was verified which one has the bigger efficiency level. In a second moment it was verified whether there was efficiency diference between the members of the first group. For that the t-statistics was used in the study. The results showed that statistically there was no difference in respect to the efficiency level between the two groups, considering both the analysis oriented by inputs as outputs, despite of the first one had outperformed the second one. In respect to the comparison between Pecém and Suape, only one result has statistically proved the superiority of Suape over Pecém. Other results, although it has not proved significant itself, also favored Suape. The Pecém port only outpeformed Suape once.