Prevalência de infecção genital por HPV em gestantes

Abstract

To estimate the prevalence of HPV in pregnant women and to compare the positive group and the negative one in respect of epidemiologic data, sexual behavior and clinical presentation. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional study, among 549 pregnant women followed at Hospital Geral César Cals from the Health Secretary of the State of Ceará, from August, 2003 to May, 2004. A structured questionnaire was applied, no matter the age of pregnancy, whether they were or not symptomatic, excluding those who had used antibiotics or any other substance into the vagina, during the previous fifteen days or who had kept sexual relationship until two days before the consultation, with a endocervical swab being performed, in order to have a hybrid capture test for the presence of HPV, as indicated by the manufacturer. Data were analyzed by STATA 13.0, performed by means of the qui-square and logistic regression tests with descriptive and analytic presentation. Results: Age of patients varied from 12 to 47 years old (medium of 25.89). The medium age of pregnancy was 20.34 weeks, parity varying from 0 to 7 births. The sample consisted in the majority of women of medium brown color (59.38%), with steady union (79.6%), with 1º. complete degree (42.08%) and with lesser familiar income than 2 minimum wages per month (54.1%). 245 women had presented positive hybrid capture for HPV (44,62%. 15 (2.73%) had presented positive test for HPV of low risk, 40 (7.29%) for HPV of high risk and 190 (34.61%) for HPV of low and high risk. The groups with presence and absence of HPV were statistically different in terms of the race, use of condoms with eventual partner, presence of cervical ectopia in gynecological examination and history of genital vesicles. After the logistic regression, the odds-ratio for the presence of HPV was done. Conclusions: The prevalence of genital infection for HPV between pregnant women was 44,62%. The risk factors associated with infection by genital HPV were pelvic pain, eversion and hyperemia of the colo, condom use with partner fixed and low family income.