Estudo numérico/experimental de antena ressoadora dielétrica circularmente polarizada com alimentação por sonda única

Abstract

The expansion of wireless telecommunications networks and the phenomenon of digital convergence bring the inherent need for research of new components to ensure the sustainability and evolution of the systems. New types of antenna, smaller and more efficient, are required as new devices emerge. In this context, the dielectric resonator antennas, built with new materials, appear as an excellent option to replace the conventional metallic antennas. This work presents a proposal for a circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna to operate at the center frequency of 2.25 GHz in which a single probe feeding scheme is used to excite two resonant modes in a quarter-cylinder-shaped dielectric. This layout allows the activation of low-order modes with orthogonal distribution of electromagnetic fields, resonating at near frequencies with a 90° phase difference. The concepts of electromagnetic theory related to resonant cavities and the characteristics of dielectric ceramic materials are introduced. Furthermore, the processes of computer modeling and constructing of a prototype are explained. The results are discussed by comparison between the computational model and experimental measurements performed in the laboratory. The study shows a good agreement between the simulated and experimental results and demonstrates the feasibility of the antenna for applications requiring circular polarization for operating at the region of the frequency spectrum close to 2.25 GHz.