Avaliação da resiliência de comunidades rurais no município de Aracoiaba/CE

Abstract

The semi-arid region is spread over 86% of the northeastern Brazilian territory, where approximately 30 million people live, or about 15% of the national population. The intrinsic characteristics of the semi - arid region, its physical - environmental characteristics, environmental degradation of anthropic character and consequent imminence of the worsening of environmental and social conditions due to climate changes, mean that a large part of the rural population faces obstacles to the good development of agrarian activities. Agriculture. The present study aims to evaluate the resilience of the Agrovila community - a rural resettlement of families impacted by the water project of the Aracoiaba Reservoir - in relation to the other rural communities around the district of Lagoa do São João, located under the ecological and socioeconomic parameters In the municipality of Aracoiaba, in the semiarid region of Ceará. The present study was carried out from data obtained in a rural diagnosis during the first phase of implementation of the project. Starting right: community and university "hand in hand" for the development of sustainable agriculture in the semi-arid Northeast begun in 2015. In the mentioned Diagnosis, 188 families were interviewed, where data were obtained regarding the social, economic and technical aspects of the agricultural production carried out by them. In the present study, the families interviewed were divided into two plots: 1) Agrovila (58 families) and 2) Other communities (130 families). Among the variables studied in the diagnosis, 9 indicators of resilience were selected. We conclude that both plots of the studied communities may present difficulties in resilience to climatic adversities and impacts such as drought, since this factor takes into account ecological and socioeconomic aspects, and none of the studied communities presented good indexes in most of the studied variables . Low levels of waste utilization, low levels of use of conservation practices, low agricultural diversity and low access to the consumer market show the low resilience of both plots evaluated. It is likely that the improvement of the producer organization in cooperatives and associations, especially the Agrovila community, can be an important support in facilitating and improving these indicators.