Exposição dos riscos ambientais envolvidos em operações de fraturamento hidráulico

Abstract

The discussions taken in the main body of this work had the aim of describing the hydraulic Fracture process, as to give support to it main objective, which was to expose the environmental risks involved that may happen if the technique is poorly executed or if it is not well regulated by the regulatory organ. There will be shown the objectives and motivations that were taken in account during the decision for this theme, all together with a brief description of the effects that fracking can have in the producing life of an oil exploration camp, the execution of the fracking technique, the relation between the fracture and the rocks and the orientation of the stress field inside of it, and in the end a discussion about the negative effects, it means, the environmental ricks that are generated by the utilization of hydraulic fracture. It is of public knowledge that in the countries where this technique is being utilized, even though there is a big monetary gain that fracking brings with the increase of hydrocarbon production, many are the losses that it brings to the environment, that range from the contamination of ground water to the generation of earthquakes in the surrounding areas.