Indução de brotos de antúrio‘cananeia’ por meio de estiolamento in vitro

Abstract

Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) originating from South and Central America is an important tropical species of the Araceae family, widely used in floriculture as cut flower, foliage, potted plants and landscaping. His way of propagation can be as much as by sexual asexual method. The sexual propagation is a slow process that usually requires years to reach the peak of production. Thus, commercial production is by micropropagation, seedling technique that stands out due to the rapid clonal propagation and availability of saplings in large quantity and high quality plant. The objective of this work was to produce buds of anthurium 'Cananeia' in vitro shading. The work was divided into two phases: shading and regeneration etiolated shoots, being held at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Embrapa. In the blanching stage nodal segments with two to three knots were inoculated into test tubes containing 10 mL of culture medium Pierik and kept in a growth chamber at 25 ± 1°C in the dark for 60 days.The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments, the culture medium without growth regulator (T1) ; with the addition of 10 μM of auxin : AIA (indole acetic acid) (T2) ; IBA (IBA) (T3) and NAA (T4), with five replicates of eight vials each and one explant per tube. After 60 days, the etiolated shoots were evaluated on the number of etiolated shoots / explant (NB / E), the number of nodes / bud stunted (N / B), the length of the stunted shoot (CB), the distance between nodes (DN), the total number of nodes / explant (NTN / E) , the presence of root (PR) and embryogenic callus (EC). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test. The treatments did not differ for the NB / E, NN / B and DN. For the NTN / E, the explants kept in medium containing IBA showed the highest total number of nodes (6.57), not statistically different from each other only in the middle of those etiolated added ANA (6.53). In etiolated shoots auxin addition stimulated the formation of embryogenic callus (EC), and increased root formation (PR) was observed in medium supplemented with NAA. In view of the production cost, the addition of IBA is the most recommended for the first phase (shading) in vitro culture of 'Cananeia'. The regeneration phase, among the tested concentrations of BAP, the concentration of 6,66 μM BAP is the most suitable because it was found that there was an increase in the number of regenerated shoots per explant with the increase in BAP concentrations. For regeneration treatments were the means of Pierik culture without addition of cytokinin (T1); and addition of BAP in concentrations of 2,22 μM (T2), 4.44 μM (T3) and 6.66 μM (T4). The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments with five replicates of five test tubes. The cultures were maintained in a growth chamber with temperature of 25 ± 1°C, 16 hours photoperiod and light intensity of 30 μmol.m -2 s -1. After 60 days, he counted the number of shoots regenerated per explant. Data were submitted to regression analysis and variance, with the averages compared by Tukey test, which indicated the tendency that the concentration of 6,66 μM BAP is the most suitable for the largest increase in the number of regenerated shoots by explant to grow anthurium cv. Cananeia.