Indicadores agronômico/ecológico e de solo na avaliação de sistemas agroflorestais assistidos pelo projeto florestação no estado do Ceará

Abstract

In the history of agriculture, the frequent research for innovative practices resulted in the intensification of the use of natural resources. But the main reason of conventional agriculture is to have profit by the production of the commodities, setting the market as a priority, rather than the population needing. Following this, there is no doubt that the intensified agriculture is one of the main causers of the ambient degradation and in the other direction there is the agroforestry system (SAF). SAF is the way of doing agriculture where there are big variety of species in the same area, which is being done by farming families in the Brazilian northeast region, this system is going to lead them to agroecology. Based on those facts, this research had the objective to analyze four families that practice the agroforestry management, followed by the Florestação project in the vale between the cities of Curu and Aracatiaçu in the Ceará province, based on agronomic/ecology and soil indicators and on the level of agroecology transition of the four families. In each of this families, four visits were done, guided by participative methodology with the application of quizzes with agronomic/ecologic and soil indicators. For those indicators, the agroecology transition time was of fundamental relevance, as the families with better rates are doing this management for longer time. This research revealed, based on the experiences and results, that even by the limitations and obstacles of each family as the historical of use of conventional technics non friendly to environment neither society, it‟s still possible to create conditions for the development of agroecology, that has the capacity to reduce the impacts in the environment and still be able to produce, leading to social inclusion and justice.