Capacidade funcional de idosos assistidos pela estratégia saúde da família em um bairro de Teresina-PI

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional capacity and analyze the characteristics associated to the incapacity of elderly people assisted in a team of the Family’s Health Strategy in Teresina (PI). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study. For the evaluation of basic and instrumental activities of daily living, the Katz index and the Lawton scale were used, respectively. The collected data were distributed and analyzed in the statistical program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21.0. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed with the values presented in absolute frequencies and percentages. The Fischer Exact Test was used to associate the outcome with the clinical, sociodemographic and economic data. Values of p <0.05 were considered significant. The project was approved by the Municipal Health Foundation of Teresina and was submitted to and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Piauí State University, according to opinion nº 1,991,901. RESULTS: A total of 37 elderly people aged 60-92 years, mean age 72.2 years (SD ± 7.4) were interviewed. Of these, 73% were considered independent regarding functional capacity for daily activities and 75.7% classified as dependent for instrumental activities. Independence for basic activities was associated with the age group (p = 0.003), so the elderly of 60-70 were more independent. Elderly patients aged ≥ 71 years (p = 0.035); female (p = 0.023) and; aged or widowed (p = 0.013) showed greater dependence on instrumental activities. There was no association of functional capacity for basic or instrumental activities of daily living, with the presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases (p> 0.05).