Perfil químico e atividade citotóxica de extratos de folha, galho e casca de Aroeira-Do-Sertão (Myracrodruon Urundeuva All.): Abordagem Metabolômica e Quimiométrica

Abstract

Nowadays, medicinal plants are being used to treat a big variety of diseases, alongside to the production of phytotherapeutic compounds. The increasing number of cancer cases around the world is an alarming data, especially because the deaths are concentrated in countries that are in development. The (Aroeira do sertao), Myracrodruon utundeuva, is a plant that belongs to the Brazilian flora e is mostly found in the Caatinga. The medicinal use of this plant is widely disseminated through popular culture, and its biological actions are very well known, for example, the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic antibiotic and ant cancerous activities. The chemical composition of the extracts depends on the section of the vegetal organism that is analyzed, the extract can have different classes of secondary metabolites as flavonoids, (taninos), (terpenos), and steroids. This work’s goal was to stablish the chemical profile of the ethanoic extracts of the leaves, branches and bark of the (aroeira do sertao) that were obtained in Petrolina, Pernambuco. Using UPLC/Q-TOFMS/MS and a statistical data processing of the cytotoxic assay in vitro. It was identified a total number of 50 compounds in the three extracts that had their high-resolution mass spectra in the negative mode (ESI-) analyzed. The Cytotoxic activity data showed that the extract that came from the bark has a potential action over the cancerous HL60 (Leukemia), HCT-116 (Human colon), SF295 (glioblatoma), RAJI (Leukemia) cells. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) resulted in three distinct groups formed that indicated the metabolic difference among the Aroeira’s sections. Using OPLS-DA and the S-Plot was possible to determine the discriminating compounds through comparison of the groups and alongside with the cytotoxic data, to point possible compounds that might be related with the anti-cancerous activity.