Divergência genética e caracterização de acessos do gêneros Habranthus e Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae)

Abstract

The ornamental bulbous of greater ornamental importance are the species of the family Amaryllidaceae, they have great commercial appeal, being the conservation of its natural diversity, a priority. The characterization and the study of genetic diversity are important in the management and use of conserved germplasm, generating data that can be used in breeding work. From this, the objectives of this study were: to characterize and estimate the genetic divergence between accesses of the genus Habranthus and Hippeastrum from the Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical germplasm collection and to indicate the individuals with the greatest potential for ornamental use as a pot plant under Fortaleza conditions. Were evaluated 29 accessions of Habranthus and 23 of Hippeastrum selected from the germplasm collection of Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry. The evaluations were carried out based on the descriptors: leaf length (CFO), leaf width (LFO) and by assignment of grades were evaluated the soil cover rate (TRS), weed occurrence (OPD), insect attack (AIN) and dry leaves index (FSE). The data were analyzed using the UPGMA grouping method for the evaluation of genetic similarity. Principal component analyzes were used to select the most important descriptors. Six groups were formed in the Habranthus dendrogram. Through the component graph, it was possible to observe the descriptors that contributed the most to the categorization of soil cover rates, leaf length, dry leaf index and leaf width, which was a better feature of this genus. In Hippeastrum dendrogram were formed seven groups. Through the component graph, it was possible to observe the descriptors that contributed the most to the categorization of soil cover rates, leaf length, dry leaf index and leaf width, which was a better feature of this genus. It is concluded that the descriptors used contributed to the characterization of the accessions of Habranthus and Hippeastrum, also determining the genetic divergence between them.