Torta de girassol na alimentação de frangas de reposição

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and energy values of sunflower cake (SC) and to evaluate its inclusion in feed of replacement pullets from 7 to 17 weeks of age. Metabolism tests were performed with broiler chickens from 11 to 18 and 28 to 35 days and with roosters from 189 to 196 days of age, using the total excreta collection method. In each trial, a completely randomized design (CRD) was used with three treatments and six replicates of six birds in the first, four in the second and one in the third. The treatments consisted of: reference ration (RR), ration containing 20% and 40% RR replacement by SC. The value of corrected apparent metabolizable energy for the nitrogen balance (AMEn) was influenced by the age of the poultry and RR replacement levels by SC. The SC presented 92.81% dry matter (DM), 5,533 kcal of crude energy/kg, 20.85% of crude protein, 1.75% of chlorogenic acid and AMEn values of 2,923 for age from 11 to 18 days, 3,070 for 28 to 35 days, 3,018 for 189 to 196 days, 3,094 for diet containing 20% SC and 2,913 for containing 40% in kcal/kg DM. To evaluate the inclusion levels of SC, an experiment was carried out with lightweight and semi-heavy pullets. In each, in the 7 to 17 week phase, 756 birds were distributed in CRD with six treatments and six replicates of 18 birds each. Treatments consisted in inclusion levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% SC for lightweight pullets and 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30% for the semi-heavy. At the end of the 17th week, in both studies, the remaining birds (432) were transferred to the laying shed, maintaining the design used in the 7 to 17 week phase, and fed a ration without SC until the 35th week. For the lightweight pullets, compared to birds fed whith 0% SC, those fed with rations containing from 5% SC showed a reduction in the nutrient metabolizable coefficients and AMEn values of the diets, those fed with 25% of SC presented worse feed intake (FI) and feed conversion (FC) and those that received 15, 20 and 25% SC better economic viability. For the semi-heavy pullets, compared to the birds that received 0% TG feed, those fed diets from 6% of SC presented a reduction in nutrient metabolizability coefficients and AMEn values of the diets, those fed with 18, 24 and 30% of SC greater FI, those with 30% worse FC and those that received 18, 24 and 30% of SC better economic viability. For lightweight and semi-heavy pullets, the treatments did not influence the body composition, nutrient retention and energetic metabolism of the pullets, as well as the sexual maturity, performance, characteristics and egg quality of laying hens. Up to 25% and 30% SC can be included in lightweight and semiheavy pullets feed from 7 to 17 weeks of age, respectively.