Melhoria do processo de extração de amido de resíduos da agroindustrialização da manga (Tommy Atkins)

Abstract

The mango of the variety Tommy Atkins is, currently, the most widely produced and the one with greater participation in the worldwide marketing of mangoes. The use of it in industries avoids waste in harvest times. However, residues of these processes are discarded, often inappropriately without any prior treatment. It is necessary to add commercial value to byproducts of agro-industrialization of the sleeve in order to obtain economic improvements (values agribusiness) and environmental (reduce organic waste). Starches have been used for a long time in food preparation. Today, it is known many other features for starch. This study aimed to make improvements in starch extraction processes almond mango seed. It was obtained ten samples sleeve starches by using six extraction methods such as the concentration of the antioxidant, the contact time of the oxidant with almond, the additives that retard or inhibit browning reactions, the use of ultrasonic device, the reagents that solubilize protein and the use of lyophilizer. Extraction yields for the procedures analyzed resulted from 12.15 to 43.60% (dry matter). The moisture content for the starch samples ranged between 7.22 and 11.62%, which it is in accordance with Brazilian legislation. The starches of the ashes analysis resulted in a range between 0.09 to 0.48%. The water activity resulted in between 0.39 to 0.58. Protein concentrations found in the starches ranged from 0.024 to 0.960% (w/w). The color analysis was performed in order to see what extraction method provided a lightness (L*) nearest the commercial starch. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) showed a mass loss at temperatures similar to the commercial starch. The Xray diffraction (XRD) detected starches type A, with the exception of starch extracted using lyophilizer which it did not show well-defined peaks starches. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) exposed starches with average diameters between 7.9 and 13.2 µm. The method used a long almond contact with the antioxidant provided a starch with low moisture, ash, protein; low water activity, high lightness and large average diameter of granules; which it confers to be ideal for use in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics films.