Construção e validação do instrumento de avaliação das ações para promoção da segurança do paciente na administração de medicamentos em pediatria

Abstract

The nursing team professionals represent the last barrier in the medication system to identify and intercept errors. This study aimed to construct and validate an evaluation instrument of shares for patient safety promotion in the medication administration process in pediatric unit. This is a methodological study using theoretical framework described by Lobiondo-Wood and Haber (2001), developed in four phases: construction of the instrument, developed from the check items for administration of drugs proposed by the Security Protocol on prescription, use and Drug Administration (BRAZIL, 2013); analysis of content validity of the measuring instrument, held by seven judges in October 2015 period; evaluation of the reliability of the measuring instrument;and clinical validation of the measuring instrument, made with 184 professionals working in open units hospitalization two pediatric hospitals in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from January to March 2016. The data were analyzed in SPSS.20 bythrough the Content Validity Index (CVI), Cronbach's alpha, linear correlation and Chance ratio (CR). For all inferential analysis was fixed 95% confidence interval. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Opinion No. 1,376,514. As a result, in the first stage we obtained the first version of the assessment tool of actions to promote patient safety in medication administration in pediatrics consists of 28 items distributed in nine areas: right patient, right medication, right route, right time, right dose, right record, the right direction, right and right answer form. In the content validation step, the instrument has reached a CVI 0.775 for simplicity, clarity and 0.760 to 0.938 for relevance to give the second version of the instrument consists of 28 items. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.851 indicating high internal consistency. Clinical validation phase identified that professionals refer satisfactorily develop 19 actions for the promotion of safety in medication administration. The analysis of the linear correlation coefficient it was established that there is no association between the characteristics of professional and safety in medication administration (p> 0.072). Only the variable "has other links presented ratio greater chance than 1.0 (OR = 1,677). It is concluded that the instrument is valid and reliable, able to identify in clinical practice actions for patient safety promotion carried out by nursing professionals in the medication administration process in Inpatient Pediatric Unit.