Ansiedade frente ao tratamento endodôntico: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Despite scientific and technological advances and the improvement of conditioning techniques, dental treatment continues to be uncomforting many times. In this way, it is common to find patients who are extremely anxious or apprehensive. The endodontic treatment is shown as one of the interventions that most causes anxiety in patients, because it deals directly with the pain, considering the involvement with the inflammatory and/or infectious state of the pulp tissue. The aim of this work was to conduct a literature review in order to ascertain the relationship between anxiety and endodontics and the methods that are effective in handling this problem. The Pubmed database was used for this purpose, using the descriptors ¨ dental anxiety ¨ and ¨ endodontics ¨ the search for the last 11 years resulted in a finding of 91 articles, being excluded, after an analysis of the titles and summaries, those who fled the theme, revisions of literature and opinion articles. Finally, 30 articles were selected for the realization of this literature review. As a conclusion it was found that the endodontic treatment proved to be one of the cause of anxiety before and during the dental treatment; The level of anxiety has shown to be higher in females and younger ages; Cardiovascular functions undergo changes in anxious patients, which points to a risk of problems during endodontic treatment; Among the non-pharmacological methods for anxiety control, music seems to be an interesting method for lighter cases, whereas hypnosis and cognitive behavioral technique would be indicated for cases of moderate to severe anxiety; The technology, by means of visual distraction and methods of anesthetic injection with pressure control contribute to the reduction of the level of anxiety; Of the pharmacological methods, the sedation with nitrous oxide, and the administration of midazolam were pointed out as the most used in the control of anxiety; It takes greater interest from the dentist to include in the history a search for the state of anxiety of the patient; The dentist should improve in his professional training in this subject, with a view to the close relationship between Endodontics and the anxious framework.