Uso de biocarvão e hidrogel na retenção hídrica e crescimento inicial de cajueiro precoce

Abstract

Regions that show irregularities in rainfall and long periods of water scarcity, find problems in water supply during the crop cycle, exposing producers to situations of fragility. An alternative, for the lack of water in these regions, is the use of soil conditioners, which have the capacity to retain water, making it more available to the plant root system for a longer period. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of different doses of cashew biochar and a hydrogel polymer in the vegetative growth, volume of water used and water retention capacity, in early cashew tree seedlings BRS 226. experimental field of Curu - Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, in the municipality of Paraipaba - CE, from January 2015 to January 2016, the experimental design was a randomized block design with two factors, making nine treatments with four replicates each. The doses used in the analyzes were 0.5 (T1), 1.0 (T2); 2 (T3) and 4 (T4) kg cova-1 biochar and 0.02 (T5); 0.04 (T6); 0.06 (T7) and 0.08 9 (T8) kg of hydrogel-1, in addition to the control treatment without any of the conditioner (T9). A tensiometer battery was used in each treatment to control supplementation irrigation. The analysis parameters for vegetative growth were the height of the seedlings and the number of leaves, for volume of water used, the amount of supplemental irrigation applied was analyzed and water retention was performed based on the soil characteristic curve, generated by the paper method Whatman Nº 42 filter. There was no significant evidence for vegetative growth in any of the treatments tested. For the volume of water used, the treatments with the lowest volume were treatments T1, T2 and T5, respectively 60, 55 and 55 L plant-¹, recommending a minimum effective dose of 1.36 kg per pit of bio-carbon and 0.036 kg per pit of hydrogel. For water retention, treatments T2 and T6 had a longer time interval with water above the supplementation irrigation point, respectively, 101 and 187 days.