Acidente vascular cerebral em mulheres na idade fértil: impacto nas atividades de vida diária

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of daily life activities in women young in the acute phase of stroke and three months after the onset. This is a study of longitudinal and analytical correlational design, carried out in three public hospitals in the city of Fortaleza, state of Ceará. The population involved women of childbearing age, in the age group of 15 to 49 years of age, with a diagnosis of stroke. The sample consisted of 109 women. Data were collected from October to December 2015 and January and October 2016. The Barthel Index Modified (IBM) was used to assess the degree of disability and limitations in daily living activities. Data analysis was mediated by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 20.0. In the analysis of association between variables, Pearson's Chi-square and Likelihood Ratio tests were used, with p <0.05 being adopted for consideration of a statistically significant association. Ethical aspects have been respected. The sample consisted of 109 women. Regarding the type of stroke, 67 (62%) were affected by AVC ischemic, 33 (30.6%) by AVC hemorrhage and 8 (7.4%) by TVC. As for the sociodemographic characteristics, it was observed that the age ranged from 18 to 49 years. Of these, 74 (67.9%) had a stable union, 73 (67%) had income of up to two minimum wages and 56 (51.3%) were not economically active. There was a significant association between origin, income and race, in which the highest dependence for ADL was found in lower income and black women in the initial evaluation. The income even showed behavior after three months. The main risk factors identified were sedentary lifestyle (79.4%), migraine 64 (58.7%), overweight 52 (47.7%), stress 48 (44%) and HAS 44 (40.4%). There was a significant association with cardiac disease (p = 0.04) at the initial evaluation, and physical activity and alcoholism after three months (p = 0.003 and p = 0.017), with a greater severity of dependence from moderate to cardiac and alcoholic patients, and greater independence for Women physically active. In the initial evaluation, 44 (40.4%) were classified with total and severe dependence, whereas in the evaluation three months later, this percentage reduced to 9 (8.2%), indicating an improvement in the functional capacity to perform the ADLs In the period of three months. The motor deficit was the most present affectation in the evaluations 66 (60.6%), followed by the speech changes 60 (55%). Most of the women 26 (59.1%) who presented motor deficit in the acute phase exhibited severe dependence for the ADLs. In the acute phase, 69.2% of women who had severe stroke had severe dependence on ADL and 64.3% of women who had moderate to severe functional impairment were severely dependent on ADLs in the acute phase. The study of cerebrovascular diseases in young women is fundamental, not only considering the increasing increase in their occurrence, but also taking into account the individual impact in this population caused by the repercussions on daily living activities.