Análise da vulnerabilidade da rede viária aplicada à roteirização do transporte de cargas em áreas urbanas

Abstract

The present paper deals with the attribute of the vulnerability of urban roads associated with the reliability and risk of the same in face of events of vehicle flow disruption, in order to develop an auxiliary tool to be used by logistics operators in the routing of urban freight vehicles and freight distribution in urban areas. Researches aimed at improving the efficiency of vehicular traffic in urban areas are numerous and generate interest both in the private and public sectors. This is due to the fact that the movements of people or freight, although constituting daily activity, do not add value to urban routine and dynamics, thus being the target of constant search for improvements. Within the studies on routing, the ones focused on understanding the vulnerability of roads and its contribution to improvements in the development and management of transport networks in urban areas are still not very expressive and yet, it is believed that it can be useful in providing more reliable logistics decisions within this sector. Therefore, the present paper has addressed the main studies in this area and sought to incorporate the aforesaid concepts into the urban reality of a section of the road network of Fortaleza, carrying out measurements of the generalized costs resulting from freight transport operations and, finally, studying the development of a methodology that allows the consideration of vulnerability in the routing of urban freight vehicles. With the application of the technique, it was possible to observe that by incorporating these criteria and using the proposed methodology, the definition of alternative routes generated less impact in terms of costs, which is desirable in the type of operation analysed, however, these costs were very significant and it was concluded, finally, that they do not represent well the realistic scenarios of disruption events proposed in the analysis.