Criminalidade e desempenho escolar: uma avaliação a partir do ensino fundamental das escolas da rede municipal de Fortaleza

Abstract

This paper proposes to investigate the impact of crime on the performance of public schools of the Fortaleza municipal area evaluated by the Sistema Permanente de Avaliação da Educação Básica do Ceará (SPAECE) in the year 2015. The information used in the empirical analysis comprises the period 2014 -2015 and the results of the SPAECE evaluations applied to the students of the 5th and 9th grade elementary students in the portuguese language and mathematics tests, thus composing a cross-section that considers lagged variables both for crime and for the performance of schools. Robust estimates for the determinants of school performance and enrollment in the public school system suggest that crime negatively affects school performance by grade 5th, although this impact is innocuous in relation to grade 9th. In addition, there is a virtuous cycle of education that is reflected in the fact that previous school performance positively impacts the income of the following year. Finally, there is a positive impact of the school's education policy, expressed in the continuity of enrollment, influenced by school management, as well as the awareness of parents and adolescents, although the overall performance is not influenced by the physical structure offered to the students.