Análise da sustentabilidade da carcinicultura: caso da comunidade de Requenguela, no município de Icapuí-Ceará

Abstract

This research observed, as a case study, the sustainability of carciniculture starting from the model used by the Association of the Producing of Sea Shrimp of Requenguela in the district of Icapuí, in the State of Ceará. The Brazilian northeast represents 97% of the national production of the sea shrimp of the type Litopenaeus vannamei, standing out Ceará with the largest productivity. The use of mangroves and the social and economical benefits for the communities surrounding fish farm nurseries represent inherent concerns to this economical section. The carciniculture is only made viable if it is used a responsible and maintainable model, that implicates the rational use of the natural resources, in social return for the local community and in the financial viability of the enterprise. The community of Requenguela met with associates (representing 20 families) forming the Producing of Sea Shrimp of Requenguela Association since 1997. Starting in 2001, the Association adopted the partnership system, for which the associates form an alliance with a partner and this assumes all the production costs. As methodology, four variables were defined to study: the associates' social and economical situation; the environmental profile; the analysis of the financial sustainability of the production and an analysis on the partnership system intrinsically linked to the financial Variable. For the sustainability of carciniculture this research pointed as the basic principle the local community's involvement, while managers and the own labor. The development of the perception and conscience on the community's environment are indispensable for the success of the environmental sustainability and for the final quality of the product. It is understandable that this work result, through the case study, as model, demonstrates that practices of the carciniculture can be maintainable, improving the quality of social and economical of the involved direct or indirectly, and that it can be very profitable, adapting partnership contracts and without damage to the environment.