Extrato etanólico do caroço da manga em rações para poedeiras comerciais

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of the ethanolic extract of the mango seed in the laying hen ration on: the performance and internal and external quality of fresh eggs, the antioxidant capacity and lipid stability of the eggs of commercial laying hens, the internal and external quality characteristics of the eggs, including the stability of the yolk lipids and the indicators of egg foam formation and stability of the eggs submitted to different conditions and storage time and the physiological effects. A total of 448 Dekalb White laying hens, 25 weeks old, were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and eight replicates of eight birds each. The treatments consisted of seven rations formulated to be isoenergetic and isonutritives: T1 - ration without addition of antioxidant; T2 - feed with addition of 200ppm of the synthetic antioxidante (BHT); T3 - ration with 200ppm of ethanolic extract of mango seed; T4 - ration with 400ppm of ethanolic extract of mango seed; T5 - ration with 600ppm of ethanolic extract of mango seed; T6 - ration with 800ppm of ethanolic extract of mango seed; T7 - ration with 1000ppm of ethanolic extract of mango seed. The use of the ethanolic extract of the mango seed in the commercial laying ration did not significantly influence any of the evaluated variables for performance and egg quality; There was no significant difference between treatments for the amount of phenolic compounds and lipid peroxidation in the egg yolks. However, a significant difference was observed for in vitro antioxidant activity of the yolks evaluated by the DPPH (2,2 difenil-1-picril-hidrazil) and ABTS (2,2’-azinobis(3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-ácido sulfônico) methods, considering the optimum levels of 750ppm and 530ppm for the DPPH and ABTS methods, respectively, and pro-oxidant effect of levels higher than this. The characteristics and the quality of the fresh eggs of laying hens were not affected. However, better foam formation and stability results were observed for eggs stored under refrigeration from birds fed the rations containing 400, 800 and 1000ppm of the extract. The hemogram, biochemical parameters, phenolic compounds and blood antioxidant activity of laying hens were not influenced by treatments. Although, there was a quadratic effect for lipid peroxidation of the blood, indicating a reduction in the values with addition of the extract in the ration reaching the minimum value with the estimated level of 690ppm and increase in levels higher than this. For glutathione peroxidase activity in the laying hens, no significant difference was observed between treatments. Therefore, the residue of the mango seed obtained from the fruit processing can be used for the production of natural extracts with antioxidant activity, allowing its use in substitution of synthetic antioxidants, in the feeding of commercial laying hens that will consequently produce healthier eggs for human consumption.