Avaliação da atividade de calcogenoésteres em células planctônicas e biofilmes de estreptococosorais

Abstract

The oral cavity is an environment composed todifferent anatomical structures that provide a diversified environment for bacterial colonization. These bacteria are in the form of biofilms. Biofilms can be defined as complex microbial communities, composed of cells attached to a substrate or one another, incorporated into a matrix of extracellular polymer substances (SPE) derived from the metabolism of the microorganisms themselves.The genus Streptococcusis commonly found in the human oral cavity, among them, Streptococcus mutansand Streptococcus parasanguinisthat are involved in oral pathologies such as caries and periodontal disease. Faced with this, the search for new molecules capable of preventing or eradicating biofilms has intensified. The objective of this study was to evaluatethe antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of four synthetic calcogenoesters (C01, C02, C03 and C04) on S. mutansATCC 25175 and S. parasanguinisATCC 903. To evaluate the activity of the compound in planktonic cells, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bacterial concentration (MBC).With regard to biofilm formation, total biomass quantification was performed by crystal violet staining, and the number of viable cells, expressed as log was performed by crystal violet staining, and the number of viable cells, expressed as log CFU / mL. The results showed that C03 and C04 calcogenoesters presented MICs of 125 and 250 μg /mL, respectively, for S. mutansand C02 presented MIC of 31.25 μg / mL for S. parasanguinis. The only calcogenoester that presented CBM was C02 in the concentration of 250 μg / mL for S. parasanguinis. Regarding biofilm formation for S. parasanguinis, the biomass was reduced in the presence of C01, C03 and C04 and completely inhibited with C02 from the concentration of 31.25 μg / mL.For S. mutansthere was a reduction of biomass in the majority of the concentrations of C03 and C04 while the others only had action in the two highest concentrations. In the analysis of the viable cells for S. mutansonly C01 and C03 showed a considerable reduction in relation to the other compounds tested. For S. parasanguinisthe reduction in the number of viable cells was well approximated among the concentrations tested, for C01 and C02 the reduction was very similar, even the reduction was the same for all concentrations between 7.8 and 250 μg / mL . In this study, S. parasanguiniswas more sensitive to the four calcogenoesters tested. It is concluded thatthe calcogenoestersevaluated may represent an alternative for the prevention of oral biofilms involving S. mutansand S. parasanguinis, but other studies should be performed so that the mechanisms of action of the compounds in question can be elucidated.