Relação entre periodontite e síndrome metabólica: uma revisão sistematizada

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is the name proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) to designate a set of metabolic diseases (dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, central obesity and resistance to insulin) that commonly manifest together and are risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The diagnosis of MS is performed after the observation of at least 3 of the mentioned 5js. The aim of this study is to review the literature in order to evaluate the relationship between the diagnosis of periumdotitis and metabolic syndrome. A methodology was carried out in search of data in the base "PubMed", using the fundamentals "metabolic syndrome" and "periodontal disease". The languages searched for were the English language and the Portuguese language referring to articles from the last 10 years. 137 articles were found within the cited parameters and uses. It was used as an exclusion factor for articles that ran away from the highlighted topic, articles with impossible access, articles from literature reviews and case reports. We found a positive diagnosis of periodontitis and MS in 15 of the articles studied in the present study. It is important to note, especially in cases of severe periodontitis. As the main factors to ask the interaction, we highlight the pro-inflammatory and procoagulant agents such as C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, as well as evidence of endothelial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of both conditions. It is also worth noting the existence of studies that relate the previous diagnosis of MS, based on the diagnosis of periodontitis. Such facts are of considerable relevance given the possibility of early intervention in patients with metabolic syndrome. In this way, the morbidity and mortality of the diseases mentioned by the mentioned risk factors are also reduced.