Perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e obstétrico de puérperas atendidas em um serviço de saúde escola

Abstract

Introduction: The postpartum period comprises the 45 days after the delivery, in which the woman’s body pass through physiologic, psychologic, social and economic modifications. One of the issued guidelines by the Health Ministry (HM) to the quality assistance for the post-partum is the consultation for the woman and the neonate during this period. The post-partum assistance guideline standardized by the HM recommends one domiciliary visit in the first days after delivery, besides the promotion, protection and support for the breastfeeding. In this context, the Nursing is an active and extremely necessary profession in the rehabilitation, health promotion and injuries prevention to which the woman is susceptible to. The investigation of emotional, physio-pathological and social factors is necessary in the post-partum consultation with the finality of providing a holistic and integral care to the woman. Objective: Identifying the social-demographic, clinical and obstetric profile of woman in the postpartum period attended in a teaching health service in the Fortaleza city. Methodology: This paper is a retrospective and documental study, with a quantitative approach. The population’s study consists of women who were attended in 2015 in the postpartum consultation in a teaching health institute, and the sample was composed by 50 of those postpartum women. The data collection was executed on the period of September to October. As exclusion criteria were utilized abortion and stillborn babies cases. It was previously created an application form with questions regarding the data provided by the women in the postpartum consultation. Results: The postpartum women profile corresponds to the young women, with secondary education level, in consensual relationship. Clinically and regarding to the obstetric profile, there were relevance of hypertension disturbance cases, the majority of cesareans, births of term neonate, and the large occurrence of urinary tract infection during the pregnancy-postpartum cycle. The majority denied negative occurrences during the delivery and the postpartum period in the maternity. It was observed lack of information about the consultations, demonstrating a necessity of reformulating the collecting instrument utilized in those consultations by the health service chosen for the study. Conclusion: Based on the obtained and discussed results, it could be concluded that the initial objective was achieved, considering that the social-demographic, clinical and obstetric profile of the postpartum women attended in the health service was obtained. Furthermore, it could be concluded that, although the postpartum consultation is part of a holistic assistance to the woman who gave birth and 10 to the birth child, and a variety of steps which belongs to it and are minimally necessary of being approached, the professionals involved on underestimate it considering the lack of information in the medical files and the failure of providing data about the health of the postpartum woman and the neonate, demonstrating lacks on the nursing activity register. It is suggested the elaboration of a precise data collection instrument to be utilized in the postpartum consultations besides of providing an also precise update for the nurses about the importance of the integral consultations in the pregnancy-postpartum cycle of the women.