Crianças expostas à toxoplasmose: avaliação do manejo da doença

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, and is widely distributed worldwide. The severity of the infection and possible sequelae depend on the age range as well as the immune status. In the pregnant women it presents of severe form or with sequels delay, being of major importance the routine serological screening. The incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis varies widely around the world, in Brazil it can vary from 4 to 10 cases per 10,000 live births if it is a disease with high morbidity. In view of the above, the present study aims to question the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory profile of newborns of mothers with positive serology for toxoplasmosis. In the present study, 84 medical records were analyzed, with a final sample of 35. The results showed that the serological diagnoses in the pregnant woman were performed mostly in the first trimester where it facilitated maternal prophylaxis. Maternal prophylaxis was classified as adequate in most of the pregnant women studied and no newborns presented reactive serology for congenital toxoplasmosis. No association was found regarding weight, prematurity and low apgar score in the NB. Most of the newborns were asymptomatic, but jaundice and hearing loss were within the clinical findings. Most of the RNs with the subclinical form of the disease were treated appropriately and without interruption. The systematic screening of pregnant women for toxoplasmosis allowed us to characterize the time of high-risk prenatal access and the moment of diagnostic confirmation, which happened at the appropriate time, possibly influencing the institution of treatment. In addition, the study provided data regarding the newborns of mothers with IgM serology for toxoplasmosis. However, in view of the above, more studies are needed with a larger population sample, in order to evaluate the clinical findings found in the city of Fortaleza-CE.