Centros administrativos como tipologia urbana moderna: o caso do Cambeba em Fortaleza

Abstract

The patrimonial preservation of urban complexes is still rare in Brazilian cities. If, in the case of buildings, these actions have become more present, such concern regarding urban sets is much more recent. Initiatives that aim to preserve modern urban complexes are even more rare. However, it is necessary to recognize the material legacy of some urban sites from this period that are not only a group of modern buildings, but have in its implantation, spatial distribution, insertion and urban configuration a clear vein of the rationalistic urbanism. The shelter for governmental activities grouped together is a classic matter in architecture, and rises with the increase of bureaucracy and the relations between different agencies and departments, demanding more complex spatial and functional articulation. In Brazil, either in the municipal, state or federal level, the spatial distribution of these activities in a grouped political administrative center is a response to the spread offices in the traditional cities, also acting to legitimize the place of power, whose maximum and model expression occurred with the construction of Brasilia (Segawa, 2002). In this context, the aim of this work is to analyze the original proposal for the Pilot Plan of the Administrative Center Governador Virgílio Távora (Cambeba), in Fortaleza, in comparing it with what was actually built, emphasizing the importance of this typology as an urban set of patrimonial value face modern theory in its conception. Therefore, the work will discuss the theory about political administrative centers, focusing in Brazil, raising some examples and its characteristics, deepening the analysis in the specific case of Cambeba, by comparing the Pilot Plan, main source of analysis of the work, with its current situation.