Cultura de segurança do paciente na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

The patient safety had become, in recent years, one of the main discussed topics of the world. In the literature it‟s possible to observe that the researches related to the patien t safety are carried out in the hospital environment, even though most of the patients receive their care in the primary health care. Therefore, this study objective was investigating the safety patient culture in the nursing professionals‟ perspective of the primary health care. The study had qualitative approach with descriptive and exploratory nature. The scenarios were consisted of six Family Health Centers (FHC) in Sobral-CE: Junco, Terrenos Novos I, Tamarindo, Vila União, Pedrinhas and Jaibaras, and the study was developed from March 2015 until April 2017, including six Nurses and nine nursing technicians. For the data collection was made documental research, semi structured interview and non-participant observation, resulting in the triangulation design. The data were analyzed using the technique of contents analysis. Ethical and legal aspects of researches involving human beings were respected. In terms of subjective characterization, it is possible to note that the most of the cases happens with females that work less than 5 years in the service, all of them have 40 hours of work by week and perform activities with direct contact with the patient. The results showed that the most of the professionals doesn‟t know about patient safety and none of them had received guidance about the theme. Everybody notes the primary environment as believable of incident occurrence. There are no methods of analysis or incident prevention, protocols or normative documents about the theme in the scenario. The most of the professionals affirms that their behavior about the mistake is to recognize and anticipate it to avoid damages to the patient, informing the management to evidence it in the observations as an opposite way. The nursery professionals have no responsibility and commitment in the caring and they can‟t get satisfaction in the work. There isn‟t an effective teamwork culture. The management demonstrates commitment with safety. It‟s possible to conclude that there is no patient safety culture in the scenario considering the identified weaknesses in several dimensions. There‟s a necessity of strategies employment to ensure a safe care to the population, including the adoption of patient safety protocols, involving the users in the caring and permanent education about patient safety.