Da manufatura à maquinaria moderna: a subsunção real do trabalho ao capital

Abstract

This paper aims at discussing the transformative process taking place amidst the rise of the capitalist mode of production, as a result of the substitution of manufacture for modern machinery. Bearing the capital in mind, the aforementioned process made it possible to switch from the subsuming formality of labor to a real subsuming one. In order to comprehend that modification, this work veers into Marx‘s analyses expressed in Capital: a critique of political economy. In his book, the author wrote two chapters entitled: The division of labor and manufacture and Machinery and modern industry, in which he, under a historical perspective, sets out that the transition from manufacture to modern industry was a paramount factor to indeed subsume labor under capital — furthermore, that undergirded the capitalist mode of production. Since which point on, the capitalist system became a hegemonic mode of production, given the fact that it had material conditions/means to increase labor productivity and profits as well as remove manufacture, once the latter hindered the expansion of capital.