Projetos de desenvolvimento, mudanças socioambientais e povos indígenas no centro-sul do Maranhão

Abstract

In recent decades, there was a quantitative growth of regional programs development and projects aimed at ethnic and rural communities in the south-central Maranhão, by State action and by non-governmental organizations, with the participation of researchers, indigenous associations and other stakeholders. Those interventions have taken place in a context of environmental, social and economic changing with the replacement of old farms and cores sertanejos for interprises tied to agribusiness generating impacts along to groups Indians in the region, the predominance of the economic logic of the market on the logic of selfsustainability of these people. The Apaniekrá and the Ramkokamekra-Canela (Ge-Timbira) and other indigenous groups in the region, had its territories involved by advancing of this economic frontier, which led the Brazilian state, through its indigenous agency (FUNAI) to trigger at the beginning of the current decade, a process of review demarcation of indigenous lands Kanela and Porquinhos. This study analyzes the impacts of the policies and actions of the State and private agencies linked to development, on the social and symbolic organization of Apaniekrá and Ramkokamekra- Canela.