Espacialização dos acidentes com tratores nas regiões brasileiras

Abstract

The agricultural activity is one of the oldest known, characterized by its multiple tasks. Even with the technological evolution is one of the sectors that most offers risks to the safety and health of the worker. The tractors arose to carry out agricultural activities, substituting activities carried out manually or with the aid of animal traction. With the agricultural mechanization, it was possible to cultivate areas of increasing size, which considerably increased the production capacity of the sector. However, in the first built tractors, the focus was the working capacity of the machine, not being given the importance due to the risks offered by these machines to their operators. This led to the insertion of different types of work accidents in agriculture, divided into mild and severe. Mild injuries on agricultural tractors are considered to be more severe than in known car accidents. It is important to emphasize that the consequences of these accidents reach different points in society directly and indirectly. The identification and location of accidents with agricultural tractors becomes fundamental for the elaboration of control strategies and public policies aimed at the prevention of these accidents. In view of this reality the present work had the objective of mapping the accidents with tractors occurred in the Brazilian territory from January 2013 to May 2016 with the use of geoprocessing techniques in the elaboration of maps, identifying the areas of highest concentration of accidents. The work was conducted at the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of Ceará, through the Database of the Laboratory of Investigation of Accidents with Agricultural Machinery - LIMA. For the preparation of the maps was used to Georeferenced Information System tool - GIS denominated IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted), which identifies areas of concentration points by inverse interpolation maps the distance and ArcMap 9.3 © software with spatial information plan with the municipalities of division, States and geographical regions of Brazil. These tools presented satisfactory results in the evaluation of tractor accidents, being possible to identify that the accidents with tractors in Brazil, they concentrated mainly in southern Brazil. The type of accidents with the highest incidence was Collision, the cause was the lack of attention by the operator and the location was the country property.