Imunoexpressão do fator induzido por hipóxia (hif-1) em carcinoma basocelular

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer (non-melanoma) is a lesion with high prevalence, with the Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of this malignancy. Recent research has sought molecular biomarkers for cancer, with a focus on energy metabolism of cells, highlighting the factor induced by hypoxia, HIF-1. To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α in CBC; correlate the immunoreactivity of HIF-1α with normal tissue, histologic subtypes and clinical parameters of CBC. METHODS: The sample consisted of 27 cases of BCC in the head and neck region, classified as histologic subtype. Was performed immunohistochemical assessment by the technique of streptoavidin-Biotin with HIF-1α antibody (clone EP1215Y, ABCAM®, 1: 100 dilution, antigen retrieval with citrate pH6, Pascal Pan, System Envision Flex, overnight incubation). five fields each case in 400x magnification were assessed, using the Image J program Statistical tests were performed based on significance level of 5% using the Mann-Whitney test / Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Obtained immunoreactivity of HIF-1α in all cases of BCC, 100% (n = 27), whichever is the nodular subtype in males and elderly face. Observed was weak cytoplasmic immunostaining in cells of higher side lesions (51.3 ± 20.3) (p = 0.018) and no cytoplasmic immunostaining of cells in lesions in non-face (68.7 ± 22.6) (p = 0.015). Strong immunostaining was higher in nuclear BCC cells compared to that observed in normal skin cells (6.9 ± 7.4) (p = 0.036); greater immunoreactivity weak cytoplasmic HIF-1α in the lesions of the cells with positive margins (61.1 ± 10.4) (p = 0.004); higher percentage of cells with no cytoplasmic immunostaining in lesions with clear margins (56.0 ± 23.2) (p = 0.004); and greater weak cytoplasmic immunostaining in AML cells with positive margins compared to the normal skin cells and free margins (61.1 ± 10.4) (p = 0.042). There was no statistical difference between the immunostaining of HIF-1α between cells of different subtypes and between cells ulcerated and non-ulcerated. CONCLUSION: There was immunoreactivity of HIF-1α in all cases of CBC sample analyzed, with no statistical difference in the histological subtype, less immunostaining in normal epithelial tissue cells. The immunoreactivity of HIF-1α, both as nuclear cytoplasmic may be indicative of the involvement of this protein in these tumors, suggesting a role of HIF-1α in the CBC carcinogenesis.