Estudo sobre comprometimento organizacional, estilos de liderança e cultura organizacional em uma organização cearense

Abstract

The organizational commitment can be conceived as a meaningful liaison between individual and organization, assuming the existence of psychological bonds and significant exchange relationships between both individual and organization. Rego (2003) proposes a study model regarding the organizational commitment and presents six psychological ties between individual and organization, namely: affective commitment, common future, normative commitment, enormous sacrifices, lack of alternatives and psychological absence. Feitosa (2008) adds a tie to the model proposed by Rego (2003): performance expectations or commitment absence. In the study here presented, it was investigated the relation among these psychological bonds and the leadership styles. It was also took in consideration to this analyses the organizational culture. The specific goals of the current research were: to investigate which psychological bonds are significantly related to the leadership styles (transformational leadership, transactional leadership and leadership absence) and in which degree the organizational culture moderate this relationship, as well as to develop a theoretical-methodological model which allows to investigate the interplay among the addressed constructs. The study consists on a cross-sectional survey applied in a large size organization located in the Brazilian city of Fortaleza. The data else collected: a sociodemographic questionnaire; a organizational commitment scale; a leadership scale and organizational culture scale. The study had 205 respondents. The results were statistically analyzed with the support of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, using the following statistical technics: linear correlation, linear regression and moderation analysis. Regarding the results, the following positive and significative correlations were attested: transformational leadership and affective commitment bonds, common future and normative commitment, transactional leadership and the bond of normative commitment; leadership absence and the bonds of alternative lack and psychological absence. Besides, it was observed that the clan type organizational culture was a moderating variable that mitigates the effects of the following relations: transformational leadership and affective commitment, transformational leadership and common future. In addition to the aforementioned results, a theoretical-methodological model was developed with all the elements surveyed. It was also concluded that can be taken in consideration to the elaboration of leadership development programs and human resources management policies aiming their efficacy.