Validação de um vídeo educativo para a promoção do apego seguro entre mãe soropositiva para o HIV e seu filho

Abstract

The maternity demands from the woman physical, psychological and social adaptations. To the HIV positive person the HIV beyond all these adaptations, the new mother lives deeply delicate and difficult experiences as not to suckle, the isolation, the discrimination and the stigma that suffers for same herself, for the familiar ones and the team of health that cares. The fear to die and to have contaminated her children, added to not suckling are factors that take the distant behaviors, harming the attitude of attachment between the binomial mother and baby. The attachment is essential for the formation of the affective bond and the personality, being able to harm the development of the child, in case she is put off to the attachment figure. Our work had as objective to construct an educative video for the promotion of the attachment between HIV positive mother and her son. This was a methodological type study, clinical assay, randomized. To the construction and validation of the educative video, the research went through five stages: Development of the script; Evaluation of the script for two specialists of content and two of the technique area; Writing and Edition of the video; Exhibition of the video and Evaluation of the Interaction Mother and Baby. The collection of data occurred between May and October of 2008, in a maternity of the city of Fortaleza. The participants had been divided randomized in Group Control and Group of Intervention, totalizing a sample of 24 participants. The population was composed for 27 HIV positive pregnant, where three had not obeyed the criteria of inclusion of the study. We use as instruments to collect the data: questionnaire for evaluation of the script; form of the socioeconomic profile; field diary and the Protocol of the Evaluation of the Interaction Mother and Baby of 0 the 6 months. For the analysis of the data we use the Statistical Test Kolmogorov-Smirnov with (p<0, 05). The specialists had agreed to the development of the video as educative strategy, requesting modifications: reduction of the number of scenes; Substitution of terms technician for colloquial language; computerized effect of figures and greater interaction between the personages. After the creation of the video, it was transmitted for the participants of the Group of Intervention. Feelings had been observed as joy, hope and anxiety. After the interview with the participants of the two groups, we set appointments in accordance with the probable date of the childbirth, the evaluation of the interaction between mother and baby. Three female judges who had filmed díade and had evaluated the interaction between the same ones took part in this stage. The results had been more satisfactory for the Group of Intervention, that is, the women who had attended the video and received orientations from the researcher. For evaluation of the interaction between the binomials, the used protocol praises the following criteria for evaluation: verbalization; visual contact; general attention of the mother; positive affection; efficiency to console; reaction of the mother I cry to it of the baby; reply to the social behavior Intensity of the reply; sensitivity; corporal contact; negative affection and intrusivity. Of the evaluated behaviors only that they had not had statistical differences for the two the groups had been the verbalization; the negative affection and intrusivity. Thus, we consider important the creation of educative strategies that aim at the promotion of the attachment; we believe to be this video a support for the professionals who work with this specific clientele.