Números complexos e suas aplicações à geometria no ensino médio

Abstract

The set of complex numbers is often subject forgotten high school. When approached, there is a restriction on the content in their own curriculum. This is perhaps the ignorance of their applicability, making their study is specifically addressed in the graduation of some university courses. This study aims to use these numbers in the statement of some geometry theorems, showing its application in the area of mathematics. For this, initially we discuss the algebraic concepts: operations of addition, multiplication, powers of i, conjugate and modulus of a complex number. Then simple geometric concepts such as distance between two points, angle measurements, linearity condition, orthogonality and cocircular, similar triangles and analytic geometry, which until then, it uses only real numbers, now extends to the complex numbers . With the inclusion of complex numbers iin geometry it is possible to prove theorems as: The circle of nine points, the straight of Simson, Cantor's theorem, Feuerbach's theorem and the theorem Morley. Finally, we will develop the project: short course complex numbers and geometry with a group of students of the 3rd year of high school at the State School Professor Eudes Veras, located in Maracanau, Ceará. To collect the data were utizados, a socioeconomic questionnaire and a test on powers of i, conjugate module, equation of the line, Napoleon's theorem and circle of nine points. These data were organized and analyzed.