Reestruturação socioespacial em Fortaleza e suas implicações na habitação

Abstract

Fortaleza has undergone many urban restructuring process, during your process of socio-spatial organization. It produced a city increasingly segregated, with periodic expulsion of poor residents of the central areas. Many of these migrated to the outskirts of the city, promoting an expansion of the urban fabric. This process opened precedent for an intensification in the occupation of the coast, especially in the eastern part, which over the years was being appropriated by population segments with greater purchasing power, as well as the real estate market. The Grande Mucuripe is an important example of this dynamic in the capital, because since the mid-twentieth century it became an axis of expansion of the city, expansion of industrial and tertiary activities, as well as real estate capital. In the first decade of this century, it was intense spatial production process in the area, especially in Fortaleza, for World Cup 2014. This served as a backdrop for a major restructuring process in the Grande Mucuripe. The State provided many actions in the process of building and large equipment installation, opening the way for the application of surplus capital in targeted areas, important for the branch of building. This movement has generated resistance of the poorest, who suffered because an intense process of accumulation by dispossession. The struggles revealed the continuity of the housing problem in Fortaleza, and the process of poverty peripheries, generating worsening of socio-spatial segregation. The saturation the space and the market in certain neighborhoods of eastern portion of the city that was historically large recipient of investment, allowed for expansion further east, an area that still has gaps in urban speculation and land reserves inhabited by poor people. Its location, combined with proximity to the beach and the ideology of social status, allowed a great appreciation of mucuripenses land, exacerbating this dispute over the ownership of urban land and consolidating the socio-spatial segregation in Fortaleza. For the implementation of the thesis, qualitative and quantitative data were collected, mostly provided by IBGE (2010) and PMF, and the basemap used in the construction of maps. In addition, they conducted bibliographic and photographic records of the study area.